Patent Application 15754656 - WIRELESS POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Title: WIRELESS POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Application Information

Invention Title: WIRELESS POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Application Number: 15754656
Submission Date: 2025-05-22T00:00:00.000Z
Effective Filing Date: 2018-02-23T00:00:00.000Z
Filing Date: 2018-02-23T00:00:00.000Z
National Class: 307
National Sub-Class: 149000
Examiner Employee Number: 89570
Art Unit: 2836
Tech Center: 2800
Rejection Summary

102 Rejections: 0
103 Rejections: 4
Cited Patents

The following patents were cited in the rejection:
Office Action Text



    DETAILED ACTION
Notice of Pre-AIA  or AIA  Status
The present application, filed on or after March 16, 2013, is being examined under the first inventor to file provisions of the AIA .
Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.


Claims 11-13, 16-18 and 20, 21 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Baldis et al. (US 2006/0266917) in view of Amir

Re Claim 11; Baldis discloses a system for transmission (100) of optical power to at least one receiver (200) located in a remote volume, said system comprising: (Fig. 2)
at least one optical power transmitter  (106) configured, following detection of said at least one receiver in the remote volume to emit from a single beam emitter, a single beam, said single beam containing a first safe minimal amount of energy allotment (Low power) which is predetermined to be sufficient to enable the at least one receiver to report an identification (a "signature" to the reflective EM beam 155 if desired including: diffraction, refraction, or reflection (accomplished by using gratings, wire arrays, etch plates, etc.), all of which would yield an expected (and possibly unique) intensity distribution, or by modulating the beam spatially or temporally.) to the at least one optical power transmitter, (Par 0047, 49)
wherein said at least one optical power transmitter is further configured, on receipt of said identification from said at least one receiver, either (a) to deny power transmission to said at least one receiver or (b) to cause said single beam emitter to direct the single beam, now conveying a second amount of energy (High power), to said at least one receiver, based on at least one of (i) the receiver identification or (ii) the power requirements received by said at least one optical power transmitter from said at least one receiver.(Par 0050)
Hyde does not disclose the first safe minimal energy allotment which is predetermined to be sufficient to power up the at least one receiver,
However, Amir discloses an analogous art where an infrared (IR) base-station, the base-station configured to emit: a first periodic signal having a first repetition rate, to communicate an identification of the IR base-station; and a second periodic signal having a second repetition rate, to provide a wake-up signal, wherein transmitted energy of the second periodic signal in one period of the second periodic signal is less than transmitted energy of the first periodic signal in one period of the first periodic signal; and a portable tag configured to receive the first and second periodic signals and control its receiver timing based upon the first and second periodic signals. (Col. 3 line 1-11)
As used herein, the term “transmitter” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of transmitting an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. As used herein, the term “receiver” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of receiving an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. As used herein, the term “transceiver” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of transmitting and receiving an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. (Col. 5 line 22-30)
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of the ordinary skilled in the art at the filing of the invention to wake the load up with a control motivated by the desire to efficiently transmit power to the load so that power the appropriate amount of power is transmitted to the load to save power. 

Re Claim 12; Baldis discloses wherein the at least one receiver has an identifying pattern which can be detected by said at least one optical power transmitter in order to qualify the at least one receiver as a potentially legitimate receiver. (Par 0047)

Re Claim 13; Baldis discloses wherein said identifying pattern is optical. (Par 0047,48)

Re Claim 14; Baldis discloses wherein said identifying pattern results from a retroreflection from at least one receiver. (Par 0012, 32 )

Re Claim 15; Baldis discloses wherein at least one of said receivers comprises at least one filter (201) causing it to be capable of receiving power from transmitters matching a characteristic of said at least one filter. (Par 0032)

Re Claim 16; Baldis discloses wherein said at least one optical power transmitter is adapted to transmit power to at least one of said receivers, said power being at a level which is less than the power reception capabilities of said at least one receiver, and less than the power reception capabilities of said at least one receiver's power client(s) and less than the maximal safe power transmission limit of said optical power transmitter. (Par 0043 Defocusing allows the receiver 200 to be located more rapidly because the EM beam 150 is spread over a larger volume of space, so the reflected EM beam 155 from the receiver can be achieved faster--often in a single pass of the EM beam 150. Which means less than the maximal safe power transmission limit of said optical power transmitter can be transmitted)

Re Claim 17; Baldis discloses wherein said at least one optical power transmitter is adapted to determine a transmission profile (a beam modification signal 112 that controls the beam source 101) of power to be transmitted, based on data received from at least one of said receivers. (Par 0032)

Re Claim 18; Baldis discloses wherein said transmission profile is generated from an algorithm processed in said at least one optical power transmitter, or in a device in communication therewith. (Par 0032)

Re Claim 19; Baldis discloses 11 wherein said at least one optical power transmitter is at least two transmitters (102-105), and at least one of said receivers is adapted to report its power needs to all of said at least two transmitters, so that the sum of all power needs requested by that at least one receiver does not exceed the maximal power handling capabilities of said receiver. (Par 0031 last 16 lines)

Re Claim 20; Baldis discloses wherein the identification further comprises at least the energy requested by the at least one receiver from the at least one optical power transmitter, and the capability of the at least one receiver to handle the energy it will receive from the at least one optical power transmitter. (Par 0032)

Re Claim 21; Baldis discloses a system for wireless transmission of power over a field of view to at least one receiver (200), said system comprising: 
at least one transmitter (100), configured to emit, after detection of said at least one receiver (200) in its field of view, (Fig. 2)
a beam (150) providing a first minimal energy (Low power) allotment for reception by said at least one receiver, and, following receipt of a response from said at least one receiver, the beam providing a second amount (High power) of energy to said at least one receiver, said at least one transmitter configured to receive data (155) contained in a data beam generated and transmitted from said at least one receiver, (Fig. 2, Par 0047,49 etc.)
said data comprising at least one of (i) an ID and (ii) power requirements of said receiver, and wherein said at least one transmitter is configured to perform one of (a) denying power transmission to said at least one receiver and (b) causing said at least one transmitter to direct said beam conveying said second amount of energy to said at least one receiver, based on said at least one of (i) the ID and (ii) power requirements received by said at least one transmitter from said at least one receiver. (Par 0050)
Baldis does not disclose wherein, when any of said receivers are in a sleeping mode, said first minimal energy allotment emitted by said transmitter is configured to wake up said at least one receiver, causing said at least one receiver to respond with said data beam generation and transmission to said at least one transmitter, such that said at least one receiver does not require use of stored receiver energy prior to receiving said first minimal energy allotment.
However, Amir discloses an analogous art where an infrared (IR) base-station, the base-station configured to emit: a first periodic signal having a first repetition rate, to communicate an identification of the IR base-station; and a second periodic signal having a second repetition rate, to provide a wake-up signal, wherein transmitted energy of the second periodic signal in one period of the second periodic signal is less than transmitted energy of the first periodic signal in one period of the first periodic signal; and a portable tag configured to receive the first and second periodic signals and control its receiver timing based upon the first and second periodic signals. (Col. 3 line 1-11)
As used herein, the term “transmitter” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of transmitting an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. As used herein, the term “receiver” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of receiving an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. As used herein, the term “transceiver” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of transmitting and receiving an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. (Col. 5 line 22-30)
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of the ordinary skilled in the art at the filing of the invention to wake the load up with a control motivated by the desire to efficiently transmit power to the load so that power the appropriate amount of power is transmitted to the load to save power.

Claim Rejections - 35 USC § 103
The following is a quotation of 35 U.S.C. 103 which forms the basis for all obviousness rejections set forth in this Office action:
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.


Claims 11-13, 16-18 and 20 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Hyde et al. (US 2010/0078995) in view of Amir et al. (US 9,939,512)

Re Claim 11; Hyde discloses a system (Fig. 1) for transmission of power to at least one receiver (22) located in a remote volume (the volume is understood as a dimension or a space or the table), said system comprising: 
at least one transmitter (10, specifically 14), following detection of said at least one receiver in the remote volume to emit from a single beam emitter a single beam, said single beam containing a first safe minimal amount of energy (For example, transmission unit 24 may be configured to transmit the request by generating and transmitting a request signal, or by reflecting the broadcast signal (Par 0055 e.g., by retroreflecting and modulating the broadcast signal). The request for power may include identity or location information for power receiver 20, information about power needs of power receiver 20, or information about economic parameters of requested power transmission. Signal receiver 22 may be configured to receive an electromagnetic (e.g., RF or optical) signal or an acoustic signal.) to enable the at least one receiver to report an identification to the at least one transmitter; (par 0056 and 0059; Optionally, location unit 14 may interpret this signal or other information to determine a receiver location, as shown in step 44. In some embodiments, the signal may include identifying information for power receiver 20, in which case, location unit 14 may use the identifying information to determine a location for power receiver 20 (e.g., by accessing a location database, or by determining a previous location for the same unit). In some embodiments, location unit 14 may determine an attitude of the receiving unit (e.g., by signal strength, by interpreting a signal including attitude information, or by imaging).)

wherein said at least one transmitter is further configured, on receipt of said identification from said at least one receiver, either (a) to deny power transmission to said at least one receiver or (b) to cause said single beam emitter to direct the single beam, now conveying a second amount of energy, to said at least one receiver, based on at least one of (i) the receiver identification or (ii) the power requirements received by said at least one transmitter from said at least one receiver. (Par 0059-0060)
Hyde does not disclose the first safe minimal energy allotment which is predetermined to be sufficient to power up the at least one receiver,
However, Amir discloses an analogous art where an infrared (IR) base-station, the base-station configured to emit: a first periodic signal having a first repetition rate, to communicate an identification of the IR base-station; and a second periodic signal having a second repetition rate, to provide a wake-up signal, wherein transmitted energy of the second periodic signal in one period of the second periodic signal is less than transmitted energy of the first periodic signal in one period of the first periodic signal; and a portable tag configured to receive the first and second periodic signals and control its receiver timing based upon the first and second periodic signals. (Col. 3 line 1-11)
As used herein, the term “transmitter” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of transmitting an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. As used herein, the term “receiver” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of receiving an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. As used herein, the term “transceiver” may generally comprise any device, circuit, or apparatus capable of transmitting and receiving an electrical, electromagnetic, infrared, ultrasonic, or optical signal. (Col. 5 line 22-30)
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of the ordinary skilled in the art at the filing of the invention to wake the load up with a control motivated by the desire to efficiently transmit power to the load so that power the appropriate amount of power is transmitted to the load to save power. 

Re Claim 12; Hyde discloses wherein the at least one receiver has an identifying pattern which can be detected by said at least one transmitter in order to qualify the at least one receiver as a potentially legitimate receiver. (Par 0049)

Re Claim 13; Hyde discloses wherein said identifying pattern is optical. (Par 0049)

Re Claim 16; Hyde discloses wherein said at least one transmitter is adapted to transmit power to at least one of said receivers, said power being at a level which is less than the power reception capabilities of said at least one receiver, and less than the power reception capabilities of said at least one receiver's power client(s) and less than the maximal safe power transmission limit of said transmitter. (Par 0054)

Re Claim 17; Hyde discloses wherein said at least one transmitter is adapted to determine a transmission profile of power to be transmitted, based on data received from at least one of said receivers. (par 0055 and 60 The request for power may include identity or location information for power receiver 20, information about power needs of power receiver 20, As shown in step 58, power receiver 20 receives beamed power in response to the request via power receiving unit 26.)

Re Claim 18; Hyde discloses wherein said transmission profile is generated from an algorithm processed in said at least one transmitter, or in a device in communication therewith. (par 0055 and 60 The request for power may include identity or location information for power receiver 20, information about power needs of power receiver 20, As shown in step 58, power receiver 20 receives beamed power in response to the request via power receiving unit 26.)

Re Claim 20; Hyde discloses wherein the identification further comprises at least the energy requested by the at least one receiver from the at least one transmitter, and the capability of the at least one receiver to handle the energy it will receive from the at least one transmitter. (par 0009, 10 etc.)


Claims 14 and 15 are rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Hyde et al. (US 2010/0078995) in view of Hilario et al. (US 2015/0270900) and further in view of Chan et al. (US 2015/0141086)

Re Claims 14 and 15; Hyde discloses identification as discussed above. 
Kwon does not disclose wherein said identifying pattern results from a retroreflection from at least one receiver and wherein at least one of said receivers comprises at least one filter that may transmit or block certain wavelengths that may provide identification data enabling the receiver to be capable of receiving power from transmitters matching a characteristic of said at least one filter.
However, Chan discloses wherein at least one receiver has an identifying pattern which can be detected by said transmitter in order to qualify the receiver as a potentially legitimate receiver, wherein said identifying pattern is optical and wherein said identifying pattern results from a retroreflection from at least one receiver (Fig. 29 and also see Par 0113)
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of the ordinary skilled to have included a retroreflection to the receiver in order to efficiently identify the transmitter based on reflection which reflects the maximum light back to its source minimizes the scattering of light.

Claim 19 is rejected under 35 U.S.C. 103 as being unpatentable over Hyde et al. (US 2010/0078995) in view of Amir and further in view of Takeuchi. (US 2013/0328417)

Re Claim 19; Hyde disclosure has been discussed above
Hyde does not disclose wherein said at least one transmitter is at least two transmitters, and at least one of said receivers is adapted to report its power needs to all of said at least two transmitters, so that the sum of all power needs requested by that at least one receiver does not exceed the maximal power handling capabilities of said receiver.  
Takeuchi discloses wherein said at least one transmitter is at least two transmitters, and at least one of said receivers is adapted to report its power needs to all of said at least two transmitters, so that the sum of all power needs requested by that at least one receiver does not exceed the maximal power handling capabilities of said receiver. (Par. 0102)
Therefore, it would have been obvious to one of the ordinary skilled in the art at the filing of the invention to include additional transmitter motivated by the desire to increase power availability to the loads so that the load is provided with adequate amount of power needed to operate efficiently. 

Response to Arguments
Applicant's arguments filed 03/24/2024 have been fully considered but they are not persuasive. 
Applicant argues 
To the best of the Applicant's understanding, Baldis shows the use of a beam having a low power in order to scan the remote volume, and to detect receivers in that remote volume. The low power beam of Baldis is thus a locating beam. Once the receiver has been located, the beam can be switched to the higher power needed for performing the charging procedure for which the system is intended. 
The applicant has found a number of locations in Baldis where this assertion is clearly shown. Thus, in paragraph [0011] there is stated: 
"An embodiment of the transmitter described herein uses a low power electromagnetic beam to locate the receiver. While locating the receiver, the transmitter scans an area for the receiver using the low power beam.   .........  Once the receiver is located, optical focusing will be used to focus the beam for maximum power transmission, and the beam source may be switched into high power transmission." (Emphases added) Further, in paragraph [0043], there is stated: 
"When the system begins the process of locating the receiver 200, the control system 107 turns on the electromagnetic beam generator 102. 
The source of the electromagnetic waves can include EM sources such as thermal, laser, gas discharge, arc, or other electromagnetic sources know to those skilled in the art. To begin locating the receiver 200, the control system 107 sends instructions to the intensity control 104 which sets the EM beam to low power using shutters, multiple beams, or controlling the intensity of the source directly. The EM beam 150 emitted from the transmitter 100 while in the low power mode is set to an intensity that is safe for the environment in which it is being used." (Emphases added) Additionally, in paragraph [0047], there is stated: 
"As the transmitter 100 works to locate the receiver, the beam scanner 106 directs a low powered defocused the EM beam 150 over a volume of space in a predetermined manner. During this coarse-macro location step, the EM beam 150 is low powered and defocused (i.e., spread) such that it will not cause interference or damage to property or people." (Emphases added) Page 6 of 
Furthermore, in paragraph [0051], there is stated: 
"The receiver 200 could control this by monitoring the energy intensity hitting the retro-reflector arrays i.e., low  intensity means the transmitter 100 is locating' the receiver 200, thus the arrays are separated; while high intensity means the transmitter 100 and (sic) located the receiver 200, so the arrays are mated." (Emphasis added) The above citations are just some of the locations in Baldis where there is shown that the low power beam is used to locate or track the receiver, and not to provide any energy to the receiver for operative purposes. 
The applicant therefore submits that nowhere in Baldis is there shown the first element of claim 11, including the limitation of an optical power transmitter configured, following detection of said at least one receiver in the remote volume, to emit from a single beam emitter, a single beam, said single beam containing a first safe minimal amount of energy allotment ........further configured ........... to cause said single beam emitter to direct the single beam, now conveying a second amount of energy, to said at least one receiver," Similar arguments apply to the Examiner's rejection of independent claim 21. 

However, the examiner respectfully disagree, 
Baldis discloses Par 0044 is maps to Fig. 2 that present system uses a low powered and defocused EM beam 150 to scan a large area for the receiver 200. The control system 107 instructs the beam scanner 106 to direct the EM beam 150 over a volume of space in a predetermined manner. The beam scanner 106 may comprise two types of beam adjusters that manipulate the location of the EM beam 150--i.e., a macro adjuster and a micro adjuster. The micro adjuster scans a smaller area with a higher level of precision. During the initial location of the receiver, the macro adjuster will direct the EM beam 150. Once the transmitter 100 detects the receiver 200 by detecting a reflected EM beam 155 at the position sensor 110, then the position sensor 110 sends a position sensor signal 116 to the control system 107. The control system 107 processes this signal and sends a beam modification signal 112 to the beam source 101 to focus the EM beam 150 (and optionally to increase the beam's intensity). At this point, the control system 107 may also send a beam adjustment signal 118 to the beam scanner 106 to direct the EM beam 150 to the region where the reflected beam 155 was detected.
0045 The micro adjuster illustrated in FIG. 6 overcomes the problems of traditional beam scanners by allowing translational (as opposed to angular) beam scanning. Translational beam scanning allows for the adjustment of the EM beam by small amounts regardless of the distance between the transmitter and receiver. For example, a translation of the EM beam by 10 millimeters will move the beam by 10 millimeters whether the receiver is 10 meters or 1000 meters away. 

By the way In par 0032 and 41, Baldis discloses 
An overview of the receiver 200 comprises a beam partitioner 201 that splits the received incoming EM beam 150 between the retro-reflector 202 and the energy collector 203. The retro-reflector 202 reflects a portion of the incoming EM beam 150 back to the transmitter 100 (resulting in a reflected EM beam 155), and the energy collector 203 collects and converts the incoming EM beam's 150 electromagnetic energy into electrical energy, suitable for use by electronic devices 255. The receiver 200 may optionally include a charging system 250 that takes the power from the energy collector 203 to charge a power reserve such as a battery or a capacitor.
Par 0047 discloses as the transmitter 100 works to locate the receiver, the beam scanner 106 directs a low powered defocused the EM beam 150 over a volume of space in a predetermined manner. During this coarse-macro location step, the EM beam 150 is low powered and defocused (i.e., spread) such that it will not cause interference or damage to property or people. The transmitter 100 detects the location of the receiver 200 when it detects the reflected beam 155 reflected from the receiver 200. The portion of the beam that is reflected 155 is returned to the transmitter 100 and directed to the transmitter's beam partitioner 108.
Pa 0049 discloses that the intensity distribution of the reflected EM beam 155 can also be used to make certain that the expected receiver 200 has been located rather than another reflective surface. There are several ways for the receiver 200 to add a "signature" to the reflective EM beam 155 if desired including: diffraction, refraction, or reflection (accomplished by using gratings, wire arrays, etch plates, etc.), all of which would yield an expected (and possibly unique) intensity distribution, or by modulating the beam spatially or temporally.
Further, as shown in Fig. 11 and also par 0057, (which explains in details of the modulation briefly discussed in par 0047) On the receiver 200 side, the receiver 200 can monitor the incoming EM beam 150 (which is the low power) for a modulation using the energy collector 203, and could decode the modulation to extract the data. In another embodiment shown in FIG. 12, a fiber optic element 1105 can be place in front of the energy collector 203. The element 1105 is connected to a photo-diode 1110, which converts the optical signal into an electrical signal that is feed into a microprocessor 1115. 
[0058] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 various elements of FIGS. 11 and 12 are combined to form a device can modulate the reflected EM beam 155 and demodulate the EM beam 150. The microprocessor 1205 controls the modulator 1210 to modulate the reflected EM beam 155 as described above. The microprocessor can also demodulate the EM beam 150 using the fiber optic element 1215 connected to a photo-diode 1220 which converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. In this embodiment, the photo-diode 1220 may read a modulated signal that contains both the modulation encoded by the transmitter 100 (i.e., on the EM beam 150) and the modulation encoded by the receiver 200. To parse out the modulation pattern from the transmitted 100, the receiver 200 should subtract out its modulation pattern from the pattern detected by the photo-diode 1220. This can be achieved using basic logic operators and/or a number of multiplexing techniques. Alternatively, a beam partitioner may be used to partition a portion of the EM 150 to the demodulator, which would allow the photo-diode to read only the EM beam 150 as modulated by the transmitter.

In summary 
Step 1: Coarse Scanning (Macro Adjustment)
Purpose: To locate the general position of the receiver over a large area.
How it works:
The system uses a low-power, defocused EM beam (150) to safely scan a broad spatial volume.
The macro adjuster in the beam scanner (106) directs the beam in a predetermined scanning pattern.
The goal is to detect any reflected EM beam (155) coming back from the receiver's retro-reflector (202).
Key characteristics:
Wide-area coverage.
No precision required yet.
Safe power levels to avoid hazards.
    
        
            
                                
            
        
    

Step 2: Precise Targeting and Identification (Micro Adjustment)
Triggered when: The reflected beam (155) is detected by the position sensor (110) on the transmitter.
Purpose: To confirm and refine the location of the receiver and prepare for power transmission.
How it works:
The control system processes the signal and:
Sends a beam modification signal to focus the beam 
Sends a beam adjustment signal to the micro adjuster to precisely aim the beam.
The signature analysis is performed to verify that the reflection is from an authentic receiver (via diffraction, modulation, etc.).



Conclusion

 	The prior art made of record and not relied upon is considered pertinent to applicant's disclosure. Lu (US 2012/0326660). A system for wireless power transmission may include one or more charging panels and one or more powered devices. The charging panel may include a pilot analysis circuitry, processor and power transmitter. The pilot analysis circuitry may be configured to analyze the magnitude and phase of a pilot signal from the powered device, based on which the processor may be configured to determine a complex conjugate of the pilot signal.
Partovi 2014/0191568 – par 115.  The transmitter sends periodic pings.  “The length of the ping process should be configured to be of sufficient length for the receiver to power up its microcontroller and to respond back” (par 115).   The R’s reply includes ID and power requirements.   Partovi would be combined with Hyde.  Hyde discloses broadcasts, but doesn’t get into any detail about what is included.  Partovi fills in these gaps by showing that the initial broadcast can be enough for the R to power up and reply with specific messages. 

Applicant's amendment necessitated the new ground(s) of rejection presented in this Office action.  Accordingly, THIS ACTION IS MADE FINAL.  See MPEP § 706.07(a).  Applicant is reminded of the extension of time policy as set forth in 37 CFR 1.136(a).  
A shortened statutory period for reply to this final action is set to expire THREE MONTHS from the mailing date of this action.  In the event a first reply is filed within TWO MONTHS of the mailing date of this final action and the advisory action is not mailed until after the end of the THREE-MONTH shortened statutory period, then the shortened statutory period will expire on the date the advisory action is mailed, and any extension fee pursuant to 37 CFR 1.136(a) will be calculated from the mailing date of the advisory action.  In no event, however, will the statutory period for reply expire later than SIX MONTHS from the date of this final action. 

Any inquiry concerning this communication or earlier communications from the examiner should be directed to DANIEL KESSIE whose telephone number is (571)272-4449.  The examiner can normally be reached on Monday-Friday 8am-5pmEst.
Examiner interviews are available via telephone, in-person, and video conferencing using a USPTO supplied web-based collaboration tool. To schedule an interview, applicant is encouraged to use the USPTO Automated Interview Request (AIR) at http://www.uspto.gov/interviewpractice.
If attempts to reach the examiner by telephone are unsuccessful, the examiner’s supervisor, Rexford Barnie can be reached on (571) 272-7492.  The fax phone number for the organization where this application or proceeding is assigned is 571-273-8300.
Information regarding the status of an application may be obtained from the Patent Application Information Retrieval (PAIR) system.  Status information for published applications may be obtained from either Private PAIR or Public PAIR.  Status information for unpublished applications is available through Private PAIR only.  For more information about the PAIR system, see http://pair-direct.uspto.gov. Should you have questions on access to the Private PAIR system, contact the Electronic Business Center (EBC) at 866-217-9197 (toll-free). If you would like assistance from a USPTO Customer Service Representative or access to the automated information system, call 800-786-9199 (IN USA OR CANADA) or 571-272-1000.






/DANIEL KESSIE/
05/19/2025
Primary Examiner, Art Unit 2836