18489762. Optical Systems with Modulated Surface Relief Gratings simplified abstract (Apple Inc.)

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Optical Systems with Modulated Surface Relief Gratings

Organization Name

Apple Inc.

Inventor(s)

Brandon Born of Sunnyvale CA (US)

Optical Systems with Modulated Surface Relief Gratings - A simplified explanation of the abstract

This abstract first appeared for US patent application 18489762 titled 'Optical Systems with Modulated Surface Relief Gratings

Simplified Explanation

The abstract of the patent application describes a display system that includes a waveguide and a surface relief grating (SRG) structure. The SRG structure expands and directs image light propagating in the waveguide towards an eye box. The SRG structure consists of at least two SRGs that expand the image light in opposite directions, allowing it to be coupled out of the waveguide. Modulation functions are used to vary the grating strengths of the SRGs between different regions of the SRG structure. The diffraction efficiency of the SRG structure can also be varied between different regions.

  • The display system includes a waveguide and a surface relief grating (SRG) structure.
  • The SRG structure expands and directs image light in the waveguide towards an eye box.
  • At least two SRGs are used to expand the image light in opposite directions.
  • The first SRG couples the image light expanded by the second SRG out of the waveguide, and vice versa.
  • Modulation functions are used to vary the grating strengths of the SRGs between different regions.
  • The diffraction efficiency of the SRG structure can be varied between different regions.

Potential Applications:

  • Augmented reality (AR) displays
  • Head-up displays (HUDs)
  • Virtual reality (VR) displays
  • Smart glasses

Problems Solved:

  • Efficiently expanding and directing image light in a waveguide for display systems
  • Coupling expanded image light out of the waveguide towards an eye box
  • Varying grating strengths and diffraction efficiency in different regions of the SRG structure

Benefits:

  • Improved image quality and brightness in display systems
  • Enhanced user experience in AR, HUD, VR, and smart glasses
  • Versatile and customizable display capabilities with varying grating strengths and diffraction efficiency


Original Abstract Submitted

A display may include a waveguide and a surface relief grating (SRG) structure on the waveguide. The SRG structure may perform expand image light propagating in the waveguide. The SRG structure may also couple the expanded image light out of the waveguide and towards an eye box. The SRG structure may include at least first and second SRGs that expand the image light in opposite directions. The first SRG may couple the image light expanded by the second SRG out of the waveguide and the second SRG may couple the image light expanded by the first SRG out of the waveguide. Modulation functions may be used to vary the grating strengths of the SRGs in the SRG structure between brow and cheek regions of the SRG structure. Diffraction efficiency of the SRG structure may additionally or alternatively be varied between nasal and temple regions of the SRG structure.

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